Attachment and the experience and expression of emotions in romantic relationships: A developmental perspective.

In this longitudinal study, the authors tested a developmental hypothesis derived from attachment theory and recent empirical findings. Target participants were 78 individuals who have been studied intensively from infancy into their mid-20s. When targets were 20-23 years old, the authors tested the way in which interpersonal experiences at 3 pivotal points in each target's earlier social development--infancy/early childhood, early elementary school, and adolescence--predicted the pattern of positive versus negative emotions experienced with his or her romantic partner. A double-mediation model revealed that targets classified as securely attached at 12 months old were rated as more socially competent during early elementary school by their teachers. Targets' social competence, in turn, forecasted their having more secure relationships with close friends at age 16, which in turn predicted more positive daily emotional experiences in their adult romantic relationships (both self- and partner-reported) and less negative affect in conflict resolution and collaborative tasks with their romantic partners (rated by observers). These results are discussed in terms of attachment theory and how antecedent life experiences may indirectly shape events in current relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Clinical Issues in Working With Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Clients.

This article discusses some of the key clinical issues for therapists to consider when working with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) clients. After a discussion of the biases that can influence psychotherapy, guidelines are given for conducting LGB-affirmative therapy that avoids these biases. Issues that therapists need to be familiar with in working with LGB clients include LGB identity development; couple relationships and parenting; LGB individuals as members of families; the unique stressors faced by individuals who are underrepresented in the LGB research literature (e.g., older LGB individuals, ethnic minorities, religious LGB individuals, bisexual individuals); and legal and workplace issues. An examination of the published literature is offered with particular emphasis given to the available empirical research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mental Activation of Supportive Ties, Hostility, and Cardiovascular Reactivity to Laboratory Stress in Young Men and Women.

In addition to actual social interactions, internal representations of supportive ties could affect mechanisms linking relationships and health. Undergraduates (41 men, 41 women) wrote about supportive ties or casual acquaintances. Supportive ties were rated as warmer and less controlling than acquaintances, and writing about them evoked reductions in negative affect, especially for low-hostile participants. Compared with the acquaintance condition, the supportive tie condition resulted in reduced heart rate and blood pressure response during a subsequent speech stressor. Among women, the supportive tie condition reduced blood pressure response among low- but not among high-hostile participants. Hence, mental activation of supportive ties altered effects of laboratory stress and might be relevant to the effects of social relations on health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于对话语音的与文本无关的说话人确认系统的研究

本文建立了一个基于对话语音的与文本无关的说话人确认系统,它和传统的与文本无关的说话人确认系统的关键不同在于,训练及测试语音不再只包含一个人而都是对话语音,因此需要分割出属于不同说话人的语音段,以建立说话人模型和实现最终判决。文中详细介绍了高斯混合模型-背景模型(GMM-UBM)这种说话人确认系统的框架,重点讨论了基于GLR(Generalized Likelihood Ratio)距离测度的无监督语音分割算法。最终阐述的输出评分的规整方法即ZNORM(Zero Normalization)和持续时间修正,可以使确认系统的性能提高近10%。     

Web Services and Business Transactions

Process oriented workflow systems and e-business applications require transactional support in order to orchestrate loosely coupled services into cohesive units of work and guarantee consistent and reliable execution. In this paper we introduce a multi-level transaction model that provides the necessary independence for the participating resource managers, e.g., local database and workflow servers, of organisations engaging in business transactions that are composed of interacting web services. We also present a taxonomy of e-business transaction features such as unconventional atomicity criteria, the need for support for business conversations and the need for distinguishing between three basic business transaction phases. In addition, we review current research and standard activities and outline the main ingredients of a business transaction framework necessary for building flexible e-business applications.     

The Impact of Technology on Relationships within Organizations

While much research has been undertaken to examine how technology impacts individuals and groups in organizations, as well as how it impacts organizations in their entirety, attention has not been directed at how technology impacts the relationships between these different levels in an organization—individual, group, and organization-wide. This paper seeks to address this void. Specifically, a grounded theory approach is used to begin development of a theory for how technology impacts these relationships. Based on a semi-structured survey, the resultant model is presented. Eight technology variables are identified in the model as responsible for impacting the relationships between the different levels of an organization. As a first foray into this area, the findings in this paper can serve as the foundation for further theory development and empirical testing.     

对多氯代二苯并二噁的定量结构-气相色谱保留行为关系研究

采用分子电性距离矢量(MEDV)描述子表征多氯代二苯并二(口惡)(口英)(PCDDs),结合基于预测的变量选择和建模方法(VSMP),从MEDV中挑选出1-2个描述子,对不同固定相下PCDDs的气相色谱保留值建立定量线性模型。结果表明MEDV分子描述子对分子结构具有很好的分辨能力。利用VSMP方法挑选的MEDV描述子很好表达了描述子与气相色谱保留值之间的相关关系,所建立的模型相关系数(R)均大于0.98,留一法交互检验的相关系数(q)均大于0.97;并均匀挑选2/3有实验数据的异构体作为训练集,余下的1/3作为检验集,进行了变量挑选、建模,结果表明,挑选的变量与用全部已知样本建模时一致,最后对没有实验值的异构体进行了预测。     

风险评估要素关系模型的改进

要对信息系统进行准确的风险评估，前提是明确风险评估的关键要素以及各要素之间的内在联系。首先分析基于ISO13335，GB／T 18336(等同于ISO／IEC 1．5408)的一些风险评估要素关系模型，为克服一般模型存在的重复考虑和静态考虑的缺点，提出分析风险评估要素关系要遵守直接因果关系准则和动态性准则，并且考虑信息安全等级保护要求，将等级作为参考坐标。基于上述准则，通过扩充评估要素集合，特别突出人、安全措施和脆弱性之间的动态因果关系，得到新的风险评估要素关系模型。同时得到比ISO 13335中更加系统的安全要素相互作用图，并对安全要素之间的关系进行形式化描述，最后给出信息系统风险评估的状态特征。     

Addressing Multiple Relationships Between Clients and Therapists in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Communities.

Therapists working in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) communities are likely to experience the potential to engage in multiple relationships with their clients. Currently, the American Psychological Association's (2002) ethics code and the related literature base offer minimal direct guidance to therapists practicing in LGBT communities. In this article, the authors review current literature regarding multiple relationships in psychotherapy, considering how this literature addresses issues specific to practitioners working within LGBT communities, present a case study highlighting the negotiation of a multiple relationship between a client and therapist who both identify as lesbian, and offer recommendations for practitioners working within LGBT communities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Judging Relationships Between Events: How Do We Do It?

A decade ago, Allan (1993) concluded that associative models provided the best account of data generated in tasks that require human observers to judge the relationship between binary events. In the intervening years, new data have been reported that provide evidence for higher-order processes. Some have argued that these new data pose a serious threat to the viability of the associative account. The purpose of the present paper is to review this evidence and to assess the severity of this threat. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)